Agarwood, also known as oud, is a fragrant resinous wood that is highly valued for its distinctive aroma. It is derived from the Aquilaria tree, a large evergreen tree native to several countries in Southeast Asia, including Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam.
The formation of agarwood is a natural response of the Aquilaria tree to certain external factors such as fungal infection, insect infestation, or physical injury. When the tree is subjected to these stressors, it produces a resin to protect itself, which gradually hardens and darkens over time, resulting in the formation of agarwood. It is this resinous heartwood that is highly prized for its unique fragrance.
Agarwood has been used for centuries in various cultural practices, including traditional medicine, perfumery, and religious ceremonies. Its fragrance is often described as rich, woody, and sweet, with hints of earthiness, spice, and floral notes. The scent of agarwood is intense and long-lasting, which makes it a sought-after ingredient in the production of high-end perfumes, incense, and aromatic oils.
Due to its rarity and high demand, agarwood is one of the most expensive woods in the world. The extraction of agarwood is a complex and time-consuming process, as the resinous wood is often found deep within the trunk or roots of the Aquilaria tree.